2022年10月高等教育自学考试
英语(二)试题
课程代码：00015
1.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
选择题部分
注意事项：
每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分：阅读判断(第1～10题，每题1分，共10分)
下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果 该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的 信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Lacking in Self-Esteem( 自尊)?Good for You!
According to psychological and educational theories, self-esteem is essential for a successful life. Generations of children, especially minority kids,have been educated according to the theory that they lack self-esteem, and that this deficiency is central to any problems they may have in making their way in the world.
Well, guess what? A new research has found that self-esteem can be just as high among grade D students and drunk drivers as it is among Nobel Prize winners and former presidents. In fact, people with high self-esteem can engage in far more anti-social behavior than those with low self-esteem.“We used to believe that high self-esteem would cause all sorts of positive consequences and that if we raised self-esteem, people would do better in life,”a researcher said.“Mostly, the data have failed to support that.”Racists, street thugs (恶棍) and school bulles(恶霸)all have high scores on the self-esteem tests. And you can see why. If you think you're highly gifted, you're particularly offended if other people don't treat you that way. So you hit out or commit crimes to defend your pride.After all, who are they to suggest that you could be doing something wrong? What do they know?
Self-esteem can also be an educational concern. College teachers are constantly complaining about the high self-esteem of their students. When every grade in the school is assessed so as to make the kid feel good rather than to give an accurate measure of his work, the kid can develop self-esteem dangerously unrelated to the truth. When he's told he is getting a C grade in college, he can then get deeply offended or extremely angry. Weak professors give in to the pressure—hence, grade inflation, which results in their students’ vague touch with reality.
1.It is believed that minority kids often have self-esteem problems.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
2. A new research shows that high self-esteem is essential to success.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
3.Parents are responsible for their children's self-esteem.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
4. Anti-social behavior is related to low self-esteem.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
5. Racists have low self-esteem.
A.True B.False C.Not Giver
6. People with high self-esteem are hurt more easily.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
7. College students are faced with high economic pressure.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
8.College teachers are often annoyed with students' high self-esteem.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
9. High grades help students know the truth of themselves.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
10.Some college students may find a C grade offending.
A.True B.False C.Not Given
第二部分：阅读选择(第11～15题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳 选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。
Organic Farming
During thousands of years of human civilization, the raising of animals and growing of plants have always been organic. Chemicals for farming first came up at the turn of the 20th century. Widespread use of chemicals began after World War I.In the 1950s and 60s farmers started using chemical fertilizers and pesticides(杀虫剂). Recently, however, more and more farmers have been returning to organic farming.
In organic farming, farm products are produced in more natural ways. Crops, meat and other food are produced without chemicals. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and growth hormones(激素) are forbidden. Farmers enrich the soil with natural fertilizers. They pull out weeds by hand. Hay and straw are put between the rows of plants to stop weeding. They rely on the natural enemies of pests to control pests.Animals are fed organically and can eat grass outdoors.Cows, for example, are kept in pastures(草场)and fields. Vegetables and fruit are also produced with organic methods.
Organic farming enjoys many advantages. For example, crop rotation can preserve the good qualities of soils. The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile. Organic farming is healthier for farm workers, and there are fewer remains of chemicals in food.In the long term, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. It can slow down global warming and reduce the pollution of ground water.
Meanwhile, there are some disadvantages. Organic food is more expensive. Organic products may cost up to 40% more.Production costs are higher as farmers need more workers, and the land output is much less. Marketing and distribution is not efficient because organic food is produced in smaller amounts. Crop illness may happen very often. Besides, organic farming cannot produce enough food for the world's population to survive. This could lead to starvation in countries that can produce enough food today.
11.Organic farming
A. started in the 1950s
C. has become popular in recent years
B. had a short history
D. was promoted by World WarI
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