全国2014年10月高等教育自学考试
英语(一)试题
课程代码:00012
本试卷共 8 页满分 100 分,考试时间150分钟
考生答题注意事项
1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效,试卷空自处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用 2B 铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑
3.第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号使用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间,超出答题区域无效
第一部分选择题
一、阅读判断(第 1-10 题,每题 1 分共 10 分)
下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择 A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择 B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择 C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Why We Need Vacations
There， s more to a vacation than can be described in travel books. We certainly need breaks from work. But there is even more to be said for a get-away bresk, leaving all daily work behind and living a different life for a short time
The benefits of taking a vacation start long before the suitcases are packed A vacation is something to look forward to. It gives us the sense that whatever is happening at the moment will end soon.
Companies sometimes use away breaks to restore(恢复)motivation and team relationships. If you're able to switch off and leave your daily work behind, when you come back, you often view old situations with fresh eyes and see them in a new way
People don't disappear while on vacation. We're still thinking and feeling the whole time were away. What really makes the difference is not simply getting away from the daily work, it is being able to do something else instead. we might speak to people we would not normally meet try sports we’ d not do otherwise, and discover interests we never knew we had.
Vacations also allow us to focus on the present in a way that’s hard to do at home. When you're in a new environment for a short time, your attention tends to be on what's happening right now and in the next few days. Being"in the moment" is in itself one of the keys to getting relaxed, and this happens more naturally on vacation.
Every vacation is an adventure full of potential discoveries. Perhaps more than anything else, vacations enable us to raise our eyes from familiar paths so that we can look and see that there’ s a world out there.
1. People need to explore more about the meaning of a vacation.
A True B. False C. Not Given
2. We begin to feel the benefits of a vacation after we start to pack our suitcases.
A True B. False C. Not Given
3. People expect that a vacation ahead will put an end to what is happening nowA True B. False C. Not Given
4. Companies do not pay their employees when they are on vacation.
A. True B False C Not Given
5. A vacation may enable us to look at old things in a new way.
A True B. False C, No Given
6. On vacation, we don't try new sports
A True B. False C, No Given
7. We may find out our hidden interests during vacations.
A True B. False C, No Given
8. People on vacation often buy gifts for each other.
A. True B. False C, No Given
9. One of the keys to getting relaxed is to focus on the present.
A. True B. False C, No Given
10. Adventures are more important than discoveries for a vacation.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
二、阅读选择题(第 11~15 题每题 2 分,共 10 分)
阅读下面短文,请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出 1 个最佳选项在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
On board the Central America, a ship on her way from Havana to New York,were no fewer than 491 passengers. Most of them were miners(旷工)returning withtheir gold to their homeland. At the start of the voyage, the sky had been cloudlessand the wind fair. Three days later, however, the ship was rolling in a storm Soon water poured in the engine-room and put out the fires. This left the ship helpless, with her engines stopped. In spite of all efforts, the depth of the water down below slowly increased. It became clear to all that nothing could save the ship, and that she would soon go to the sea bottom.
Just at that moment, a strange sight was seen on board. Some of the miners collected their gold and stored it in their belts. They hoped to take it with them wherever they were going. But others knew that the ship would sink and didn't want to weigh themselves down with the heavy metal. So they threw it onto the floor.
Unusual courage was shown by nearly all on board. The captain moved about the ship encouraging all He sometimes gave orders in attempts to save his ship, and sometimes kept silent, always determined. But all his efforts failed.
Fortunately, when all hope had gone, another ship, the Marie of Boston, appeared on the scene. The Marie had also suffered heavily in the storm, but her captain immediately arranged to move the people in boats from the Central America to his own ship. The huge waves made the work painfully slow, but there was no disorder: Everyone waited patiently. Finally, all passengers were saved.
11. The word"fair"(Line 4, Para. 1)most probably means( )
A.mild B.wet C.warm D.high
12. Some miners threw their gold onto the floor because they( )
A. didn't know what to do with itB. didnt want it to weigh them down
C. wanted to store it together
D wanted to give it away to other passengers
13. When faced with the danger, the captain of the Central America()
A got angry and wild
B remained silent all the time
C appeared calm and brave
D decided to give up the ship
14. The rescue work was made painfully slow mainly because ( )
A. the Marie also suffered heavily B. there were too many passengers
C the passengers rushed onto the boats D the waves of the sea were too high
15. The text is mainly about( )
A. the hardship of traveling at sea
B. the history of gold mining in the US
C. the long journey of the two American ships
D. the effort of saving the passengers in a storm
第二部分非选择题
三,概括段落大意和补全句于(第 16~25 题,每题 1 分,共 10 分)
阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务:(1)从第 16-20 题后所给的 6 个选项中为第①-⑤段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题;(2)从第 21-25 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择 5 个正确选项,分别完成每个句子,请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。
Men and Women Drivers
① Men take more risks. In studies, men as a whole show less careful behavior than women. They drive at higher speeds and closer to other cars. They don't wear seat belts, and drive while drunk more often. They even make riskier turns and takes less time when parking.
②But ,how someone drives doesn, t necessarily equal how well he drives .Men do seem to be more skillful than women at certain driving tasks. However, this slight advantage in ability doesn't turn into better driving records. The kinds of accidents men get into are generally the result of their riskier behavior. According to one study men are more than three times as likely to be fined for "aggressive driving "than women, and more than 25% as likely to be at fault in an accident.
③ Despite the research, it's difficult to decide whether men are truly born better drivers than women. It is also not clear if men are simply more confident in their driving because they’re thought to be better, and thus show better skills. Similarly, the traditional view that women are weaker drivers may affect their, driving performance
④Women are catching up, which isn't necessarily good news. Men may be responsible for more accidents than women, but the gap is getting smaller. Today, more women drive and drive more than ever before. Unfortunately, this leads to an increase in speeding, aggressive driving, and even very serious accidents among women
⑤So, are men better drivers than women? According to the interesting datafrom researchers, the answer is yes . and no. Therefore, the tips for both men and women drivers are: Learn from the strengths of both sexes, drive confidently and carefully, and don' t forget to wear the seat belt.
Task 1
16 Paragraph①
17 Paragraph②
18 Paragraph③
19 Paragraph④
20 Paragraph⑤
Task 2
21. Men drivers have poorer records because they drive( )
22. There is no evidence that men are born to be( )
23. People's traditional view may influence( )
24. Nowadays women drivers are showing( )
25. All drivers are suggested to drive( )
四、填句补文(第 26-30 题,每题 2 分,共 10 分
下面的短文有 5 处空白,短文后有 6 个句子,其中 5 个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回
原有位置,以恢复文章原貌请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上
Health Benefits of a Good Nights Sleep
Sleep, we all love it, especially when we wake up from a great night's sleep.
26 But nowadays we are beginning to understand the importance of sleep to
overall health.
People working the night shift have a higher risk of cancer. Researchers
believe this link is caused by differing levels of melatonin(褪黑素) in people who
are exposed to light at night.27 Melatonin makes us sleepy and is thought
to protect against cancer. Be sure that your bedroom is dark to help your body
produce the melatonin it needs.
When your body is short of sleep, it goes into a state of stress. The body's
functions give you an alarm which causes an increase in blood pressure.28
Learn to relax to reduce the effects of stress
Researchers have also found that people who sleep less than seven hours per
night are more likely to be fat.29 So if you are interested in controlling or
A Men's driving record
B. Tips for safer driving
C. Men's driving behavior
D. Possible reasons for driving performance
E. Women’s driving behavior today
F. Physical differences between drivers
A. better drivers
C. better skills
D, more risky behavior
E. confidently and carefully
F. drivers performancelosing weight, don't forget to pay attention to getting a good night's sleep
Sleeping during the day will protect your health and make you more
productive. A study of Greek adults showed that people who slept during the day
several times a week had a lower risk of dying from heart disease. 30
A Higher blood pressure increases your risk for heart attacks.
B. It is thought that the lack of sleep affects appetite
C. In the past, sleep was often ignored by doctors and surrounded by myths
D. Exposure to light during early waking hours helps to set your body clock
E. Short-time sleep also improves memory, learning ability and mood.
E. Light exposure reduces the level of melatonin.
五、填词补文(第 31~40 题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
下面的短文有 10 处空白,短文后列出 12 个词,其中 10 个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别
放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。
Winston Churchil
Churchill is considered not only a great British leader, but also a great world leader.Many people believe that Churchill's strength as a leader helped Britain stand the 31
German attack. He kept his country strong 32 to finally win the war. He made such a wise 33 about Britain's military strategy. However , Churchil is most 34 for his ability to call on the citizens of Britain to 35 for their country. He gave many speeches to-36 his people to fight hard and never give up. In one speech, he 37 his people that they would fight anywhere. Churchill will always be remembered as a great Prime
Minister for his country. He will also be regarded as a 38 for other leaders around the world. What he did during the war helped Britain and other 39 win victory. In addition, he was a great writer and speaker, for which he was 40 the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953.
A told E. decision I. members
B. countries F. hard J. fight
C. model G famous K encourage
D. terrible H enough L awarded
六、完形补文(第 41-50 题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
下面的短文有 10 处空白,每处空自后的括号内有一个词,请根据短文内容将其正确的
形式填入文中,以恢复文章原貌,并将答案写在答题卡上。
Mental Health and Aging
Mental or psychological (psychology) health problems can increase with age.
There are various 41(reason). One is biological change which can interfere with the brains ability to deal with 42 (inform). Another is social change such as 43 (retire) Which can lead to a 44 (feel) of uselessness.
Mental health problems can have a serious influence on an older person's ability. They may affect their ability to carry out many basic 45 (activity) of daily living, from getting up to 46 (manage ) financial affairs.
But problems often go without being 47 (solve). Many older people struggle on without the right help-or any help at all. Understanding how mental 48 (ill)tends to affect the elderly is vital in 49 (help)them to manage their problems 50 (effective)and reduce the risk of serious harm.
七、短文写作(第 51 题,30 分)
请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 80 词左右的英文写作任务,假设你新近结识了一位英国朋友 John,为了增进彼此的了解,请给他写一封电子邮件,介绍一下自己最喜欢的业余爱好。内容包括这项爱好是什么;你喜欢它的原因;·它给你带来的乐趣;请以 Li Ke 署名.
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